Robotic Surgery in Turkey

What is Robotic Surgery?
The robotic surgery system, Da Vinci, is equipped with two cameras that provide images to each eye separately. This allows the surgeon to perform the operation under a three-dimensional image with depth perception, similar to our own eyes. Additionally, the operating area is magnified 10 to 12 times using these cameras.

Surgical Instruments
The instruments found in the arms of the robotic surgery system can be defined as small tools with 7 degrees of free movement. The tips of these instruments can rotate 540 degrees around their axis, thanks to a system known as “articulation” (imagine your wrist rotating around itself about twice) and can mimic the movements of the human wrist.

Robotic Surgery in Turkey
Using these instruments, surgical interventions can be performed in very narrow and deep areas. Through the “tremor scaling” feature, the robotic surgery system does not transmit any potential tremors from the surgeon’s hand during the operation to the instruments. Additionally, these tools operate solely under the surgeon’s control.

Surgical Console
With the robotic surgery system in Turkey, the surgeon operates from a seated position at a console. They see the three-dimensional surgical site and issue commands using cameras and other tools with the help of their hands and feet. These commands are executed simultaneously, allowing the surgeon to perform surgery while seated.

In robotic surgery, operations are performed through small tubes called “ports,” similar to laparoscopic surgery. One of the robot’s arms holds the camera, while the other arms hold the surgical instruments. The surgeon stands next to the patient’s bed while the operation is assisted by the console.

Three-Dimensional Imaging
The images obtained using the robotic surgery system allow for intervention in the relevant area with three-dimensional visuals and depth perception. Since the camera is under the surgeon’s control, magnified images of anatomical structures in deep and narrow areas can be obtained, minimizing potential injuries that may occur during surgery.

Mobility in Robotic Surgery
The tools at the ends of the robotic surgery arms can rotate 180 degrees in all directions, similar to a human wrist. These tools can also bend beyond the range of human wrist movement, in addition to rotating 540 degrees. This allows access to many parts of the body (especially in tight and small areas) and the ability to perform surgical interventions.

Eliminating Hand Tremors During Surgery
A person’s hand may tremble physiologically to some extent; however, the sensitive movement of the robotic arms can eliminate this tremor. This reduces human-related errors in interventions that need to be performed in risky areas.

Da Vinci Robotic Surgery
Physical Conditions During Surgery
Surgeons usually stand during surgery, which can make it difficult due to fatigue during prolonged surgical interventions. In robotic surgery, the surgeon manages the procedure from a console in front of them while seated. This decreases the pressure caused by physical fatigue and increases the surgeon’s focus.

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Robotic Surgery for Obese Patients
Having a lot of fatty tissue in obese patients can complicate operations. The robotic surgery system in Turkey is widely used in many medical fields, from urology to cardiology, gynecology to general surgery, and can perform various operations even in patients with obesity.

What is Robotic Technology?
Surgical procedures performed by the surgeon using robotic technology provide a comfortable healing process without creating large incisions in the body, improving the patient’s quality of life. It is especially used in urological surgery, gynecology, general surgery, thoracic surgery, and cardiac surgery in Turkey. Da Vinci robotic surgery is known to be one of the most successful surgical methods used worldwide, particularly in cancer treatment.

What are its Advantages?
Robotic technology provides significant advantages to both the doctor and the patient during surgery compared to traditional surgical methods.

For the Patient:

• No visible surgical scars, providing better cosmetic benefits.
• Minimal or no bleeding.
• No blood preparation required before surgery.
• Mild or no pain.
• Short hospital stay after Da Vinci robotic surgery.
• Quicker return to normal bowel activities after surgery, and reduced recovery time for work and social life.

For the Surgeon:

• The operation is performed through small openings based on the surgical site.
• Surgery is magnified and clearer by 15 times.
• Three-dimensional imaging provides depth advantage.
• No hand tremors; with small robotic arms that can move at a 720-degree angle, precise and comprehensive sutures can be easily placed.

In which Diseases is it Used?
Application Scope:

• Kidney tumors
• Bladder cancer
• Testicular cancer
• Kidney outlet narrowing (UPJ) in children and adults
• Treatment of urinary incontinence in women and men
• Nephrectomy (kidney removal)
• UPJ narrowing in children
• Surgical treatment for vesicoureteral reflux in children
• Double kidney abnormalities in children
• Adrenal gland surgery in children
• Neurogenic bladder in children
• Uterine cancer
• Cervical cancer
• Myomectomy
• Endometriosis
• Stomach cancer
• Gastric reflux
• Stomach hernia
• Achalasia (esophageal outlet narrowing)
• Narrowing of the small intestine (due to Crohn’s disease)
• Small intestine tumors
• Colon cancers
• Rectal cancers
• Prolapse surgeries
• Neuroendocrine surgeries
• Pancreas body, tail cysts, and tumors
• Spleen disorders and preservation surgeries
• Gallbladder and bile duct surgeries
• Spleen surgeries
• Pancreatic cancer surgeries
• Obesity surgeries
• Mitral valve repair and replacement
• Coronary bypass
• Arrhythmia surgeries
• Heart tumors
• ASD closure

How is it Applied?
Robotic surgery in Turkey and laparoscopic surgery assisted by robots, known as “robotic surgery,” has three main characteristics. Firstly, the imaging system operates on the principle of laparoscopic surgery. In other words, images from inside the patient’s body are transmitted to the surgeon with the help of a camera. In robotic surgery, unlike laparoscopic surgery, this image is three-dimensional, providing a clear image without flickering, where the camera is controlled by the robot. By closely approaching the organ to be operated on, clear images can be obtained with greater magnification. The surgeon controls the robotic arms with the help of a console. The robotic arms are placed on the patient. Optical fiber cables from the console connect to the robotic arms, transmitting the surgeon’s small hand movements to the robotic arms and the surgical scissors attached to them, with tools such as tissue holders or needles used to perform desired movements. Since the surgical instruments connected to the robotic arms can rotate 540 degrees, they can move in ways that exceed hand movements. Additionally, any natural tremor from the human hand does not reflect on the robotic surgical instruments at all, thus reducing the margin of error.

Da Vinci Robotic Surgery in Urological Surgeries
Robotic surgery was first used in the field of cardiovascular surgery in 1994. However, the most common areas of use are urological surgeries. Da Vinci, predominantly used in prostate cancer surgery worldwide since 2001, is also utilized in kidney, bladder, and testicular cancers. The “Da Vinci robotic surgery” technique is not a fully automated surgical application. When it comes to operations performed through open, laparoscopic, or robotic methods, the expertise of the surgical team is the most crucial factor for the success of the procedure. All urological surgeries at the robotic surgery center are performed by an experienced team applying methods used in the most advanced centers in the world.

Nerve Protection Feature in Prostate Cancer Surgeries
Robotic surgery in Turkey can mitigate erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence, which are significant risks that negatively impact men’s social lives after prostate cancer surgery, the most common cancer type in men in developed countries, especially those over 50. In prostate cancer surgeries performed using “Da Vinci robotic surgery” technology, these risks that may adversely affect the quality of life of the patient are reduced. The nerves responsible for erectile function, adjacent to the prostate, and the muscles responsible for urine retention can be better protected thanks to robotic technology. This qualified protection reduces the risk of urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. “Nerve-sparing techniques” are applied in surgery using robots; this technique reduces the risks of experiencing sexual activity issues post-surgery.

Advantages Da Vinci Offers Patients in Prostate Surgery:

• Hospital stays after Da Vinci robotic surgery are one to two days. About 95% of patients return home the day after surgery.
• Compared to traditional open surgery, there is very little blood loss during surgery. Blood preparation is not required before surgery.
• During the hospital stay and after leaving, there is very little need for painkillers since patients experience minimal pain.
• The catheter placed in the urinary tract is usually removed within the first week after surgery (approximately 4 or 6 days). In open surgery, this period typically ranges from 14 to 21 days.
• About 90% of patients return to their routine work after surgery or within three weeks using Da Vinci robotic surgery.

The method of “robotic radical prostatectomy,” referred to as the “first” in the international arena, known as the “Bakirkoy Tugay Technique” in global medical literature, is performed at the robotic surgery center of Bahçelievler Memorial Hospital, using 3-4 cm incisions from the area between the anus and the ovary with robotic technology, ensuring minimal surgical intervention.

Protective Effect on Kidneys in Kidney Tumor Surgeries
In kidney tumor surgeries performed using “Da Vinci” technology, the best method of cancer control is provided. Only the tumor tissue is removed, leaving the healthy kidney intact in the patient. The tumor is easily extracted from the kidney by assessing the tumor depth in the tissue under three-dimensional, high-resolution magnification using robotic technology. The area from which the tumor has been removed can be quickly sutured with depth control. After removing tumor tissue, tissue gaps and open veins and damaged ureters can be repaired swiftly and gracefully using robotic arms. In cases of extensive kidney cancer, nephrectomy may be applied.

Advantages Da Vinci Offers Patients in Kidney Surgery:

• Short hospital stay and rapid recovery.
• Less pain and reduced use of painkillers after surgery.
• Patients return to their daily activities quickly.
• Aesthetic appearance is preserved due to small surgical incisions.
• Surgery is performed with robotic arms that eliminate tremor effects.

Robotic Kidney Transplantation
In “Da Vinci robotic surgeries” performed in our kidney transplant center, the kidney is transplanted to the recipient robotically. While this method provides significant comfort to the patient during and after the transplant, it also offers important advantages to the surgeon for successfully completing the surgery. After surgeries performed robotically, patients can recover in a shorter time and shorten their hospital stay. You can click on the link for detailed information: Duration of Kidney Transplant Surgery, Complications, Success Rate, and Is it Dangerous?

Robotic Surgery for Testicular Cancer with Four Ports
Robotic surgery in Turkey successfully performs closed testicular surgeries using Da Vinci robotic surgery. Testicular cancer surgeries, which involve cutting through the abdominal wall between the pelvis, removing the intestines, and cleaning the lymph nodes around the major vessels, can now be done through a few completely closed ports using robotic technology. The large incisions required for open surgeries for testicular cancer are now a thing of the past, thanks to the comfort provided by robotic surgery, granting significant advantages to patients.

With testicular cancer surgeries performed using Da Vinci robotic surgery:

• The risks of pain, infection, and healing issues in large incisions are reduced.
• Unlike open surgery, the patient’s intestines are not removed. Thus, risks like infection and dehydration are eliminated.
• Some neural structures affecting sexual functions located around the aorta or large vessels can be seen more clearly using robotic technology, allowing for better protection. Therefore, there are fewer issues with ejaculation.
• Since chemotherapy can have long-term side effects, robotic surgery may be beneficial in certain patient groups.
• Patients facing difficulties with childbirth post-surgery can store sperm taken from the patient before surgery in a sperm bank and discard it through assisted reproductive techniques.

Artificial Bladder Creation Using Da Vinci
In developed countries, bladder cancer, which ranks fourth in men and seventh in women, is treated using Da Vinci robotic surgery without creating large incisions in the body. In open bladder cancer surgeries, an incision starting 4-5 cm above the navel is made to clean the bladder and lymph vessels, connecting the intestine-made bladder to the natural urinary tract. Additionally, patients whose bladders have been removed may face social issues such as carrying bags in their abdomen or emptying urine using a catheter at regular intervals. Two different principles are applied in bladder cancer surgeries performed using Da Vinci robotic surgery. Firstly, after robotically removing the bladder and lymph nodes, a new bladder is created from the intestine using open surgery, concluding the procedure. However, this surgical technique requires a large incision, and since the intestine awaits outside the body, issues such as infection, dehydration, fluid loss, and temperature loss may occur. At the robotic surgery center, bladder cancer surgeries are performed completely closed, which is done by very few centers and surgeons worldwide. The procedure, which involves bladder removal, lymphatic cleaning around large vessels, and reconstruction of the bladder from the intestine, is performed entirely robotically.

Advantages Da Vinci Offers Patients in Bladder Surgery:

• The patient is spared from a very large surgical incision. Surgery can be performed through just 6 ports, each measuring 8-15 mm.
• Risks of hernia at the incision site, stitch opening, and re-surgery seen in open surgeries are eliminated.
• Since the surgery is robotic, the chances of bleeding during the operation are also reduced.
• Performing the procedure without opening the patient significantly decreases risks such as intestinal dehydration, infection, and heat loss.
• After the surgery, patients can recover faster and return to their normal lives.
• In bladder cancer surgery, the bladder and prostate are removed together. Since in one-third of bladder cancer patients, prostate cancer may also be diagnosed, which the patients are unaware of, during the removal of the prostate, the nerves providing sexual function and urinary retention are better protected through magnification, close-up visibility, and good lighting provided by the robot.

Bladder Cancer Patients with Da Vinci Robotic Surgery can start nutrition on the second or third day post-surgery. They are discharged from the hospital after their bowel movements are sufficient, and everything is progressing well, usually within a week. After three weeks, the catheter is removed once it is determined that the stitches of the newly created bladder from the intestine have fully healed. In women, along with bladder cancer, the uterus and ovaries are also removed. Since the uterus is removed from the birth canal, the birth canal is also repaired using robotic technology during the surgery.

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Robotic Solution for UPJ Narrowing
Robotic surgery in Turkey has achieved a significant breakthrough in the surgical treatment of kidney pain or renal flow obstruction discovered incidentally (UPJ narrowing), especially at a young age. While reconstructive surgery with a large surgical incision is performed openly, this narrowing is treated with a success rate of up to 97% through minimally invasive approaches via small ports. However, due to the shortcomings of tremor, two-dimensional imaging, and limited tool movement with traditional laparoscopic approaches, Da Vinci technology provides a more comfortable and successful treatment under three-dimensional imaging with non-tremoring robotic arms and excellent mobility.

Role of Robotic Surgery in Urinary Incontinence
Robotic surgery in Turkey can apply the Da Vinci robotic method to women, especially in cases of urinary incontinence due to bladder prolapse and in cases where the bladder may extend outside the room even without incontinence. Using robotic technology, it is possible to treat the bladder in a way that it will not sag again, achieving a success rate close to 100%. Robotic surgery excels, especially in colon and vaginal surgeries performed in cases of prolapse, where it offers rapid suturing within the body through robotic arm movement. Due to weak ligaments and other supportive tissues causing prolapse, synthetic fabrics can be used for repair purposes, and sagging tissues can be fully repaired. Da Vinci technology also offers significant advantages in this repair.

Da Vinci Robotic Surgery in Gynecology and Obstetrics
In addition to Da Vinci robotic surgery in urology and general surgery, it is frequently used in surgical treatment for gynecological diseases. According to 2013 data, the number of surgeries performed using robots in gynecology exceeds that in urology surgeries. Robotic technology has introduced a new dimension to long-standing laparoscopic gynecological surgeries, enabling the surgeon to sit at the console and perform surgery.

Success of High-Tech in Cancer Surgery
Gynecological, urological, and oncological surgeries are among the most challenging surgical procedures. Robotic surgery is employed as the most advanced technique in all gynecological cancers except for advanced ovarian cancers. It can be applied at all stages of “endometrial” cancer, known as uterine cancer, and in patients with cervical cancer (cervical cancer) within surgical boundaries. Robotic surgery is also used in myomectomy for infertility and uterine prolapse. When performing laparoscopic myomectomy, the risk of rupture in the healing area during the next pregnancy may increase due to insufficient sutures. However, thanks to superior suturing, the incidence of this risk in robotic surgery is minimal. In late stages of endometriosis, due to severe adhesions surrounding the tissue, it becomes difficult to clear through laparoscopic surgery. Robotic surgery is preferred in Turkey as it allows for easier navigation in such surgical operations.

Technological Superiority
Robotic surgery offers many benefits to both the patient and the surgeon, thanks to technological advancements and ease of use. The length of hospital stay and recovery time for patients is much shorter than in open surgeries. Moreover, since the entry is made through several small incisions, there are no surgical scars. Robotic surgery facilitates access to all areas of the pelvic system. The mobility of the used devices is also very high. The surgical procedure is performed at an advanced size, comfortably, and quickly. Since hand tremors are not transmitted to the robotic arms, surgery is performed more safely. There are fewer risks of bleeding, and the patient’s recovery time is shortened. The risk of infection is lower. The three-dimensional imaging feature makes the surgeon’s work easier.

Da Vinci Robotic Surgery in General Surgeries
“Minimal invasive surgery” or small incision surgeries are now preferred primarily in cancer treatments, just as in many other fields. The techniques used today are the most significant development in modern surgery and provide numerous advantages to both patients and doctors compared to classical open surgeries. Thanks to less invasive methods, the most challenging surgical operations are performed in a way that offers comfort to the patient, depending on surgical and technological advancements. Laparoscopic surgery, compared to open surgery; reduces the hospital stay duration and provides rapid healing for patients.

Robotic surgery in Turkey, accepted as the most advanced technique among minimally invasive surgeries in the last decade, is increasingly utilized in general surgery, especially in cancer surgeries.

The Da Vinci robotic system is the most advanced surgical technology of our time, operated by the surgeon, providing multi-angle movement capabilities with robotic arms and without the slightest tremor, allowing access to the deepest points in a clear three-dimensional manner during surgery. The Da Vinci robotic system can view deeper organs under 10x magnification and high precision three-dimensional imaging through small entry points in the anterior abdominal wall. It enables surgical procedures to be performed under the surgeon’s control, with robotic arms moving in seven dimensions within the body and precision surgical tools at their ends.

Providing Patient Comfort with Da Vinci Robotic Surgery
Robotic surgery does not require a large surgical incision, as in open surgery. The procedure is performed through small ports.
Surgery is conducted under larger and clearer images magnified tenfold.
The image quality is high definition and three-dimensional. Thanks to the three-dimensional imaging, depth advantage is provided.
With small robotic arms that do not tremble and can move at a 720-degree angle, precise and comprehensive sutures can be easily placed.
Vessels and nerves are clearly visualized.
It is a more successful method in tumor surgeries compared to open surgery.
Return to normal bowel activities after surgery is quicker.
Patient nutrition returns to normal faster than in open surgeries.
The risk of infection from the surgical site is low.

Robotic Technology in Cancer Surgery
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
The “Da Vinci robotic system,” which has rapidly developed globally since 2001, is now spreading quickly. Thanks to the superior tissue separation suturing techniques of the Da Vinci robotic system in upper gastrointestinal surgical interventions, procedures can be performed more comfortably and safely.

• D2 gastrectomy for stomach cancer
• Non-cancerous surgeries
• Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) surgery
• Hiatal hernia (stomach hernia)
• Achalasia (esophageal outlet narrowing)
• Small intestine surgeries

The use of the robotic system is crucial due to the procedures applied to the patient and the ease it provides for the surgeon’s interventions. By providing close and detailed monitoring of vessels and nerves, it helps the surgeon perform more precise tissue separations and more comfortable sutures. It allows operations to be conducted according to the principles of cancer surgery. The robotic system facilitates tissue handling by providing a more detailed three-dimensional (3D) view than laparoscopic cameras. Thus, it offers more visibility and movement in areas where the surgeon encounters difficulty in sight and access compared to open surgeries.

• Narrowing of the small intestine (due to Crohn’s disease)
• Small intestine tumors
• Colon and rectal surgeries

Robotic surgery in Turkey begins as laparoscopic surgery and is used in stages requiring exceptional skill. This way, there is no need for a large incision to open the abdomen, and no need for manual surgical support methods.

Advantages Granted to Patients:

• Better clinical outcomes in many cases against cancer
• Faster improvement in bowel functions
• Quicker transition to natural nutrition
• Significantly less pain
• Less blood loss
• Lower risk of wound infections
• Shorter hospital stays
• Shorter recovery time.

The robotic system in colon and rectal surgery is also used in surgeries for colon and rectal cancers and prolapse.

HPB Surgery (Liver, Pancreas, Bile Duct)
Especially in bile duct injuries, the Da Vinci robotic system can perform repairs more accurately without the need for large incisions compared to open surgical methods.

• Neuroendocrine surgeries
• Pancreas body, tail cysts, and tumors
• Preservation surgeries for the spleen
• Gallbladder and bile duct surgeries
• Spleen surgeries
• Laparoscopic and robotic surgery in pancreatic cancer surgery

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most dangerous types of abdominal cancer. Its frequency is gradually increasing, and extensive studies have been conducted on it in recent years. What makes pancreatic cancer more significant than other cancer types is the location of the organ. It is challenging to intervene surgically in the pancreas, which performs very important tasks while almost being hidden in the body. Therefore, the term “untouchable” is often used for the pancreas.

Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
If a patient is diagnosed with pancreatic cancer during MRI or CT imaging, a biopsy must first be performed to determine whether the diagnosis is definitive. If a mass is detected in imaging and the patient exhibits complaints such as jaundice and weight loss, the diagnosis is likely correct. Laparoscopic biopsy may be necessary in questionable cases. The most critical stage of treatment is surgery. Whether the patient’s tumor can be surgically removed is determined by staging results. If there is no metastasis in the liver or other organs and no involvement of major vessels, the surgery is primarily performed. Additional treatments are planned based on the patient’s condition after surgery. In patients who do not have surgical opportunities, chemotherapy is first applied. When the tumor regresses with drug treatments, it is re-evaluated whether the patient may become a candidate for surgery. If pancreatic cancer has spread to many foci and distant organs in the body, chemotherapy is initially applied, followed by treatment planning with alternative options. One of the most important points to remember about pancreatic cancer is that tumor behavior varies from person to person, just like in all cancer types. Therefore, every patient has a chance for treatment, and these options should be explored.

Current Surgery in Pancreatic Cancer Surgery
The most important development in pancreatic cancer surgery in recent years is the use of less invasive methods and the employment of laparoscopic and robotic surgical procedures. Laparoscopic surgery is performed on pancreatic cancer patients by entering through several small ports with special tools without creating a significant surgical incision in the body. Laparoscopic surgery should be considered the first option if the tumor is located in the body and tail of the pancreas. In head tumors of the pancreas, laparoscopic surgery can be performed if the tumor is detected early, with no involvement of the main vessel, and the patient is of suitable age.

The advantages of robotic surgery in pancreatic cancers provide significant benefits for both the patient and the doctor:

• Robotic surgery combines the advantages of both open surgery and laparoscopic procedures.
• With robotic surgery, better cancer control can be achieved.
• By reducing the risk of infection during surgery and avoiding large surgical incisions, it increases the patient’s survival chances.
• During the operation, vessels, lymph nodes, and other formations are better visualized, increasing the success of the procedure.
• The spleen can be preserved during surgery.
• After the surgery, the intestines start functioning early, and the patient experiences less pain compared to open surgeries, leaving the hospital sooner and returning to normal life faster. The absence of any significant incisions or scars on the body leads to better aesthetic outcomes for the patient.

Alternative Treatments in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer primarily metastasizes to the liver. These patients usually present with late symptoms and tumors located at the trunk and tail of the pancreas. Surgery should not be considered a treatment option that provides a quick response for the patient. Only groups of patients identified through biopsy results or imaging studies as neuroendocrine tumors can be treated surgically and achieve a rapid response. The chance of recovery for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer is chemotherapy. However, systemic chemotherapy should be administered after evaluating the patient’s condition and predicting the expected response, or alternative chemotherapy options; HIPEC or PIPAC chemotherapy should also be considered.

Robotic Obesity Surgery
The use of Da Vinci robotic technology in laparoscopic obesity surgeries worldwide provides special advantages for doctors and patients. Due to the anatomical structures of obese patients, the additional precision required for such surgeries can be achieved through non-tremoring robotic arms and the ability to move gracefully within the patient’s abdomen. The robotic technology, which provides the surgeon with a high-definition three-dimensional image, protects the surrounding organs, tissues, and nerves of the area being operated on. Procedures that can be performed through a few small ports or a single incision without creating a large incision alleviate patients’ aesthetic concerns.

In obesity surgery, which has recently gained attention, sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass, especially in metabolic surgery, i.e., sleeve gastrectomy preferred by type 2 diabetes patients, are successfully performed using robotic technology. Initially, patients should be thoroughly evaluated, and the necessity of obesity surgery should be questioned, while the choice of surgical technique applied when necessary is also of great importance.

The advantages of robotic technology for patients and doctors can be listed as follows:

• Since the surgery is performed using a closed technique with only a few small ports, the risk of infection that can occur due to contact of the organs with air in open surgeries is eliminated.
• Thanks to robotic technology, the surgeon operates with a three-dimensional digital perspective, enhancing protection for the patient’s nerves, vessels, muscles, and tissues from the risk of injury.
• Due to the robotic technique, no significant surgical incisions are made on the patient’s body. After surgery, which is performed through several small ports instead of a large incision, the risk of infection is nearly nonexistent, and the patient enjoys a comfortable recovery period with less pain.
• By shortening the time for patients to return to their daily lives and recovery periods, and providing pain control, patients receive oral nutrition sooner and regain their strength faster.
• Once patients achieve quality in their daily lives, they can return to work and their social lives sooner.

Robotic Surgery in Pediatric Urology
Surgical procedures for infants and children are more complex and acceptable than for adults and require precision. Robotic surgery is the most advanced surgical method used in pediatric and infant surgeries today. While this method has many advantages for successfully completing surgeries, it also has very important benefits for the patient. Some of these are listed below.

For the Patient:

• Minimal pain after surgery
• Shorter hospital stays
• Less scarring, meaning more successful aesthetic outcomes
• Lower surgical complication rates such as bleeding and stitching issues.

For the Surgeon:

• Provides a three-dimensional image for the surgeon during surgery
• Offers greater maneuverability for the surgeon during the operation
• Provides a comfortable environment for the surgeon conducting the procedure
• Prevents hand tremors that can be observed in open or laparoscopic surgeries.
• Highlights high success rates.

Uses of Robotic Surgery in Pediatric Urology:

• Nephrectomy (kidney removal)
• UPJ narrowing
• Vesicoureteral reflux surgery
• Double kidney anomalies
• Adrenal gland surgery
• Robotic surgery can be utilized in neurogenic bladder cases.

Robotic Intervention in the Heart
Robotic surgery in Turkey has been practiced since the early 21st century. While the internal camera system, usually used in minimally invasive procedures, provides a two-dimensional image for the doctor, the robotic method offers a three-dimensional image. Robotic arms can easily perform maneuvers in the surgical area that human hands cannot achieve. Robotic cardiac surgery is successfully applied in bypass surgeries, heart valve replacements, closure of heart defects, or removal of benign tumors within the heart. While this method is not applicable for patients who have previously undergone heart surgery, it is very important for the patient to be suitable for robotic surgery.

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