The Difference Between Gastric Sleeve and Gastric Bypass

What is Meant by Gastric Sleeve, and What About Gastric Bypass? Are There Differences Between Them?

Gastric sleeve and gastric bypass are advanced surgical procedures widely used to reduce body weight, especially in cases of morbid obesity where diet and exercise fail to achieve the desired results.

Gastric Sleeve: This involves removing about 70–80% of the stomach, reducing its size so the patient feels full after eating a small amount of food. This directly helps with weight loss.

Gastric Bypass: This procedure involves dividing the stomach into two sections, upper and lower, with the upper part being much smaller. The idea is to reroute food to pass only through the smaller upper section and then into the small intestine.

When Are Gastric Sleeve and Gastric Bypass Recommended?

These procedures are generally considered when diet and exercise fail to produce sufficient weight loss. They are typically recommended for patients with a BMI over 40, or in cases of obesity associated with chronic conditions such as hypertension or diabetes, where diet and exercise may be difficult or even harmful.

In some cases, gastric sleeve surgery can be performed as a first step before gastric bypass. Generally, gastric sleeve is recommended before considering gastric bypass, since gastric bypass is regarded as the last resort surgical option for weight loss.

Risks and Side Effects of Gastric Sleeve and Gastric Bypass

Gastric Sleeve:

• Nausea & Vomiting: Common in the first few days after surgery and during the transition from liquid to solid foods. Usually temporary and manageable with anti-nausea medication.
• Dehydration: Frequent after surgery; best prevented by drinking plenty of fluids or receiving IV hydration if necessary.
• Vitamin & Mineral Deficiency: Managed with dietary supplements.

Gastric Bypass:

• Dumping Syndrome: Rapid emptying of food into the small intestine can cause indigestion, diarrhea, and nausea.
• Stricture at the Junction of the Stomach and Intestine: Leads to reflux, nausea, and vomiting, often requiring corrective surgery.
• Gallstones: The surgery increases the risk of gallstone formation and chronic gallbladder inflammation.
• Stretching of the Upper Stomach Pouch: May eventually expand back to the size of the original stomach.
• Malabsorption: Poor absorption of essential vitamins and minerals can result in anemia and malnutrition, requiring lifelong supplements.

Final Evaluation

Only the specialized surgeon can decide which option is most suitable after assessing the patient’s health, expectations, and goals.